The bill of exchange may be presented for acceptance by the drawee at their place of residence, up to the due date, by the holder or even by a mere custodian.
In any bill of exchange, the bill of exchange holder may stipulate that it must be presented for acceptance, with or without a specified time limit.
The endorser may prohibit presentation for acceptance in the bill of exchange, unless it is a bill payable at a third party's address, a bill payable "in a place other than the drawee's domicile," or a bill drawn at a specified time after sight.
The endorser may also stipulate that presentation for acceptance may not take place before a specified date.
Any endorser may stipulate that the bill must be presented for acceptance, with or without a specified time limit, unless it has been declared unacceptable by the drawer.
Bills of exchange at a specified time after sight must be presented for acceptance within one year from their date.
The drawer may shorten this period or stipulate a longer one. These periods may be shortened by endorsers.
When the bill of exchange is created pursuant to an agreement between merchants concerning the supply of goods, and the drawer has fulfilled the obligations arising from the agreement. Under the contract, the drawee cannot refuse to give acceptance upon the expiration of a period in accordance with normal commercial practice regarding the acknowledgment of goods.
Refusal of acceptance automatically results in the forfeiture of the term at the drawee's expense.
The drawee may request a second presentation the day after the first. Interested parties may only claim that this request was denied if it is mentioned in the protest.
The holder is not obligated to relinquish possession of the bill presented for acceptance to the drawee.
Acceptance is written on the bill of exchange. It is expressed by the word "accepted" or any equivalent word and is signed by the drawee. The drawee's signature on the front of the bill constitutes acceptance.
When a bill of exchange is payable at a certain time after sight, or when it must be presented for acceptance within a specified period by virtue of a special stipulation, the acceptance must be dated the day it was given, unless the holder requires it to be dated the day of presentation. If no date is given, the holder, to preserve their rights of recourse against the endorsers and the drawee, must have this omission recorded by a protest drawn up in due time. The acceptance is unconditional, but the drawee may restrict it to a portion of the sum.
Any other modification made by the acceptance to the terms of the bill of exchange is equivalent to a refusal of acceptance.
However, the acceptor is bound by the terms of their acceptance.
When the drawer has indicated in the bill of exchange a place of payment other than the drawee's domicile, without designating a third party at whose address payment is to be made.
The drawee may indicate this at the time of acceptance. Failing this indication, the acceptor is deemed not to have been obligated to pay at the place of payment.
If the bill is payable at the drawee's domicile, the drawee may, in the acceptance, indicate an address at the same domicile where payment is to be made.
By accepting, the drawee undertakes to pay the bill of exchange at maturity.
In the event of non-payment, the holder, even if the drawer, has a personal right of action against the acceptor arising from the bill of exchange for all sums that may be claimed under Articles 125 and 126 of the law.
If the drawee, who has endorsed the bill of exchange with their acceptance, has crossed out the acceptance before returning the bill, the acceptance is deemed to have been re-read. Unless proven otherwise, the crossing out is deemed to have been made upon return of the instrument.
However, if the drawee has communicated their acceptance in writing to the bearer or any other signatory, they are bound to them according to the terms of their acceptance.